BRAIN NETWORK

Mapping symptoms onto brain circuits: The first step is identifying a therapeutic target, a location or circuit in the brain where we can intervene to improve a symptom. To identify targets, we focus on causal sources of information such lesion locations or brain stimulation sites. We combine these causal sources of information with a wiring diagram of the human brain termed the "human connectome" derived from resting state functional connectivity or diffusion tractography MRI. This approach of mapping symptoms onto brain circuits is referred to as lesion network mapping, DBS network mapping, or TMS network mapping... Targeting brain circuits for symptom relief: Second, we target these circuits with neuromodulation interventions to provide symptom relief, with a focus on transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), deep brain stimulation (DBS), and focused ultrasound (FUS). We have also explored transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) and transcranial alternating current..