ADVANCED SURVEY DESIGN

Human error has been shown to be the single largest contributing factor in aviation, transportation, high-technology, and industrial mishaps (1). A great deal of attention has been paid to understanding human error in complex systems, including issues related to design, communication, and judgment. However, less attention has been paid to the impact of organizational influences on safety and performance. These surveys examine the organizational climate using a human factors framework... An early model depicting organizational influences on loss control was introduced by Frank Bird (1974). His "Domino Theory" model posited that loss (i.e., a mishap) resulted from a sequence of events, each influencing the next (similar to that of falling dominos with each domino having a cause and effect on the next in the series).(2) Figure 1 depicts the steps in Domino Theory... Perrow (1984) contended that as organizations and their technologies become more complex, they also become vulnerable to..

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