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Grains give the beer it's malty, chocolatey flavours to the beer. They also provide the sugars which the yeast converts into alcohol... The dried grain is sometimes toasted to varying levels to give different flavours in the beer. The image above shows normal malted grain (left). Then the slightly toasted grain (middle) to give a more caramel flavour as well as a bit more colour to the beer. Finally a fully roasted barley (right) to give a coffee flavour and dark colour to the beer... Yeast eats the sugars in the wort (pre beer) and converts them into alcohol and CO2 (fermentation). When there are no more edible sugars left the yeast goes to sleep and falls to the bottom of the fermentation vessel.