GEODES

GEODES (Geophysical Exploration of the Dynamics and Evolution of the Solar System) is a team within the NASA Solar System Exploration Research Virtual Institute. We investigate the Moon, near-Earth asteroids, and the moons of Mars with geophysics methods to enable the exploration of their surfaces. We test geophysics methods, including seismic and ground penetrating radar surveying, on Earth to study and refine how these methods can best be used on the lunar surface. In addition, based on field research and remote sensing data, we develop numerical and statistical models to characterize the surfaces of our defined planetary targets. GEODES is built with four natural resources in mind: Lava Tubes and Void Spaces, Ice Deposits, Regolith, and Magma-tectonic systems... The GEODES Volatiles Theme group aims to devise ways to detect water ice (and other ices like CO 2) deep underground on the Moon and other bodies. These icy materials will "boil" away when they heat up and are generally..