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A prerequisite for the development of IE is the presence of bacteria in the blood - bacteremia... Bacteremia with viridans streptococcus can be observed after dental procedures, tooth extraction, tonsillectomy, especially if patients begin to eat immediately after these procedures. Enterococcal bacteremia and bacteremia associated with gram-negative bacteria can result from manipulations of the genitourinary tract, for example during bladder catheterization or cystoscopy, and urogenital operations. Staphylococci penetrate into the blood mainly during infection of intravenous catheters, during tooth extraction, respiratory and genitourinary tract infections, installation of a pacemaker, etc... Pneumococci are a fairly rare causative agent of IE and are found mainly in pneumococcal pneumonia and alcoholism. Fungi usually enter the body when performing intravenous injections in drug addicts, as well as when suture material and artificial valves become infected during heart surgery...